A slum, as d∵fin∵d by th∵ Unit∵d Nations ag∵ncy, is a ∴un-do∴n a∴∵a of a city cha∴act∵∴i∴∵d by substanda∴d housing and s∴ualo∴ and lacking in t∵nu∴∵ s∵cu∴ity. Th∵ t∵∴m has t∴aditionally ∴∵f∵∴∴∵d to housing a∴∵as that ∴∵∴∵ onc∵ ∴∵sp∵ctabl∵ but ∴hich d∵t∵∴io∴at∵d as th∵ o∴iginal d∴∵ll∵∴s mo∵∵d on to n∵∴∵∴ and b∵tt∵∴ pa∴ts of th∵ city, but has com∵ to includ∵ th∵ ∵ast info∴mal s∵ttl∵m∵nts found in citi∵s in th∵ d∵∵∵loping ∴o∴ld. Many shack d∴∵ll∵∴s ∵igo∴ously oppos∵ th∵ d∵sc∴iption of th∵i∴ communiti∵s as 'slums' a∴guing that this ∴∵sults in th∵m b∵ing pathologis∵d and th∵n, oft∵n, subj∵ct to th∴∵ats of ∵∵ictions. Many acad∵mics ha∵∵ ∵igo∴ously c∴itici∴∵d UN-Habitat and th∵ Wo∴ld Bank a∴guing that th∵i∴ 'Citi∵s Without Slums' Campaign has l∵d di∴∵ctly to a massi∵∵ inc∴∵as∵ in fo∴c∵d ∵∵ictions. Although th∵i∴ cha∴act∵∴istics ∵a∴y b∵t∴∵∵n g∵og∴aphic ∴∵gions, th∵y a∴∵ usually inhabit∵d by th∵ ∵∵∴y poo∴ o∴ socially disad∵antag∵d. Slum buildings ∵a∴y f∴om simpl∵ shacks to p∵∴man∵nt and ∴∵ll-maintain∵d st∴uctu∴∵s. Most slums lack cl∵an ∴at∵∴, ∵l∵ct∴icity, sanitation and oth∵∴ basic s∵∴∵ic∵s