Name: Anonymous 2005-12-18 15:37
JUST when President George W. Bush was expecting to bask in the success of the Iraqi elections, revelations that he secretly authorised telephone taps on Americans without court warrants has plunged his administration into another crisis.
Initially refusing to discuss the eavesdropping program in a television interview on Saturday morning (Australian time), Mr Bush changed his mind within 12 hours and launched a counterattack, confirming yesterday the existence of the program but defending it as "critical to saving American lives".
"Its purpose is to detect and prevent terrorist attacks against the United States, our friends and allies," Mr Bush told the nation in his weekly radio address.
"This is a highly classified program that is crucial to our national security," he said, adding "our enemies have learned information they should not have, and the unauthorised disclosure of this effort damages our national security and puts our citizens at risk".
The controversy comes after The New York Times reported that in the aftermath of September 11, Mr Bush authorised the secretive National Security Agency to spy on hundreds and possibly thousands of US citizens with suspected links to al-Qa'ida. The NSA is the US's largest intelligence agency with listening posts around the world, including personnel stationed at Pine Gap in the Northern Territory.
Despite officials indicating that Mr Bush's secret spy program had disrupted terror plots in the US and abroad, there has been a sense of outrage among politicians in Congress, most of whom read about it for the first time in the newspaper.
Mr Bush said yesterday some congressional "leaders" had been briefed more than a dozen times over the past three years on the NSA's activities.
"I have reauthorised this program more than 30 times since the September the 11th attacks, and I intend to do so for as long as our nation faces a continuing threat from al-Qa'ida and related groups," he said.
Aside from raising the spectre of a secret surveillance force operating in the US with no judicial oversight, many congressmen and legal experts are saying the President may have broken the law. Mr Bush countered it was the disclosure of the "secret program" that was illegal.
The President's decision to use executive powers to override restrictions on the NSA was based on classified White House legal opinion, which said the President had the power to overrule the requirement for warrants because of the September 2001 congressional resolution authorising him to conduct a war on terror.
But critics say the NSA's activities strike at the heart of US civil liberties, and politicians say the program circumvents the constitutional checks on the White House, known as the executive branch of government, by the two other branches, the Congress and the judiciary.
"I tell you, he's President George Bush, not King George Bush. This is not the system of government we have and that we fought for," senator Russell Feingold, a Democrat from Wisconsin, said.
Arlen Specter, the Republican chairman of the Senate's Judiciary Committee, said: "There is no doubt that this is inappropriate." He said that there would be hearings into the program early next year and that they would have a "very, very high priority".
His Democrat counterpart on that committee, Patrick Leahy, said: "The Bush administration seems to believe it is above the law. Our Government must follow the laws and respect the constitution while it protects Americans' security and liberty."
James Bamford, author of two books on the NSA, questioned the legitimacy of the secret phone taps because it bypassed the need for court warrants as required by the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to authorise eavesdropping on suspected terrorists.
"I didn't hear him specify any legal right, except his right as President, which in a democracy doesn't make much sense," Mr Bamford said yesterday in reaction to Mr Bush's comments. "Today, what Bush said is he went around the law, which is a violation of the law -- which is illegal."
By law, the NSA is generally barred from eavesdropping on the communications of US citizens. For years, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has handled basically all domestic eavesdropping operations, though the NSA is known to, at times, tap into the communications of foreign embassies operating in the US.
The debate has come at a critical time for the Bush administration, which is trying to extend anti-terror legislation, known as the USA Patriot Act. It is due to expire on December 31. Mr Bush suffered a defeat on the bill when the Senate blocked attempts to renew the Patriot Act on Friday.
The act gives the administration broad powers to investigate US citizens but the controversy that has erupted over the President's secret spy program has further galvanised congressional critics that the administration has been going too far.
One of the four Republican senators blocking the bill was Chuck Hagel of Nebraska, a potential 2008 presidential candidate. He said a balance had to be struck between national security and personal freedoms.
"Let's not come loose of our moorings, who we are as a people," Senator Hagel said. "We have to find an equilibrium, a centre of gravity. Confidence and trust in one's government is the only currency there is in life in a democracy."
The Senate's refusal to vote on the bill through the use of a filibuster was the second setback for Mr Bush in a matter of days in his quest to maintain his presidential power in his prosecution of the war on terrorism.
He was forced into an embarrassing climbdown on Thursday, ending his opposition to a new law explicitly banning the torture of terror suspects held in US custody anywhere in the world.
Initially refusing to discuss the eavesdropping program in a television interview on Saturday morning (Australian time), Mr Bush changed his mind within 12 hours and launched a counterattack, confirming yesterday the existence of the program but defending it as "critical to saving American lives".
"Its purpose is to detect and prevent terrorist attacks against the United States, our friends and allies," Mr Bush told the nation in his weekly radio address.
"This is a highly classified program that is crucial to our national security," he said, adding "our enemies have learned information they should not have, and the unauthorised disclosure of this effort damages our national security and puts our citizens at risk".
The controversy comes after The New York Times reported that in the aftermath of September 11, Mr Bush authorised the secretive National Security Agency to spy on hundreds and possibly thousands of US citizens with suspected links to al-Qa'ida. The NSA is the US's largest intelligence agency with listening posts around the world, including personnel stationed at Pine Gap in the Northern Territory.
Despite officials indicating that Mr Bush's secret spy program had disrupted terror plots in the US and abroad, there has been a sense of outrage among politicians in Congress, most of whom read about it for the first time in the newspaper.
Mr Bush said yesterday some congressional "leaders" had been briefed more than a dozen times over the past three years on the NSA's activities.
"I have reauthorised this program more than 30 times since the September the 11th attacks, and I intend to do so for as long as our nation faces a continuing threat from al-Qa'ida and related groups," he said.
Aside from raising the spectre of a secret surveillance force operating in the US with no judicial oversight, many congressmen and legal experts are saying the President may have broken the law. Mr Bush countered it was the disclosure of the "secret program" that was illegal.
The President's decision to use executive powers to override restrictions on the NSA was based on classified White House legal opinion, which said the President had the power to overrule the requirement for warrants because of the September 2001 congressional resolution authorising him to conduct a war on terror.
But critics say the NSA's activities strike at the heart of US civil liberties, and politicians say the program circumvents the constitutional checks on the White House, known as the executive branch of government, by the two other branches, the Congress and the judiciary.
"I tell you, he's President George Bush, not King George Bush. This is not the system of government we have and that we fought for," senator Russell Feingold, a Democrat from Wisconsin, said.
Arlen Specter, the Republican chairman of the Senate's Judiciary Committee, said: "There is no doubt that this is inappropriate." He said that there would be hearings into the program early next year and that they would have a "very, very high priority".
His Democrat counterpart on that committee, Patrick Leahy, said: "The Bush administration seems to believe it is above the law. Our Government must follow the laws and respect the constitution while it protects Americans' security and liberty."
James Bamford, author of two books on the NSA, questioned the legitimacy of the secret phone taps because it bypassed the need for court warrants as required by the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to authorise eavesdropping on suspected terrorists.
"I didn't hear him specify any legal right, except his right as President, which in a democracy doesn't make much sense," Mr Bamford said yesterday in reaction to Mr Bush's comments. "Today, what Bush said is he went around the law, which is a violation of the law -- which is illegal."
By law, the NSA is generally barred from eavesdropping on the communications of US citizens. For years, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has handled basically all domestic eavesdropping operations, though the NSA is known to, at times, tap into the communications of foreign embassies operating in the US.
The debate has come at a critical time for the Bush administration, which is trying to extend anti-terror legislation, known as the USA Patriot Act. It is due to expire on December 31. Mr Bush suffered a defeat on the bill when the Senate blocked attempts to renew the Patriot Act on Friday.
The act gives the administration broad powers to investigate US citizens but the controversy that has erupted over the President's secret spy program has further galvanised congressional critics that the administration has been going too far.
One of the four Republican senators blocking the bill was Chuck Hagel of Nebraska, a potential 2008 presidential candidate. He said a balance had to be struck between national security and personal freedoms.
"Let's not come loose of our moorings, who we are as a people," Senator Hagel said. "We have to find an equilibrium, a centre of gravity. Confidence and trust in one's government is the only currency there is in life in a democracy."
The Senate's refusal to vote on the bill through the use of a filibuster was the second setback for Mr Bush in a matter of days in his quest to maintain his presidential power in his prosecution of the war on terrorism.
He was forced into an embarrassing climbdown on Thursday, ending his opposition to a new law explicitly banning the torture of terror suspects held in US custody anywhere in the world.