If all you know is the blues pentatonic, you've got a long ways to go. The first thing you'll want to do is learn basic modal theory. This is pretty easy with a simple google search. You'll want to learn "jazz style" chords, like the major 7, dominant 7 (typically Dominant 13 or 9 on the guitar), minor 7, diminshed 7, half diminished (minor 7b5), and dominant 7b9. In my opinion, those are the "basics." The rest are substitutions and "color" chords.
A quick primer on modal theory: Take the notes in a major scale. The notes have corresponding chords and they go in this order: (I)maj7, (II)min7, (III)min7, (IV)maj7, (V)dom7(13 or 9), (VI)min7, (VII)min7b5. Each of these chords has a corresponding scale that is basically N to N in whatever key you're playing in. Let's say C. The first scale is obviously C to C in the key of C. The second scale is D to D in the key of C (so DEFGABCD). The third is E to E in the key of C (EFGABGDE) and so on. If this is confusing, you'll need to learn some more basic theory. Its a lot to cover here (and at that point, I should be charging for lessons!)
Common jazz chord progressions: Here's a great link for progressions AND guitarists that play the tunes -
http://www.jazzguitar.be/jazz_chord_progressions.html
The second thing to do is listen. When you think you've listened enough, keep listening. Don't list to guitar players (especially not at first). Charlie Parker, Miles Davis, Coltrane (harder to follow for the untrained ear, but still a basic pillar of jazz), Duke Ellington. These are good places to start.
Jazz can be very daunting, but keep pickin' and never forget, a lot of the greats (including the king of west-coast jazz guitar, wes montgomery) were self taught. Also, there are no wrong notes. Thelonius Monk once walked out of a performance, looking sad. When asked what was wrong he said, "Man, I played the wrong wrong notes."
Good luck!