I'm traveling to Japan

1) Tell me how to say:
•    How do you say “_____” in _____?
•    Where is… ?
•    I would like a…
•    I need…
•    I don’t speak ____
•    I don’t know
•    I (don’t) understand
•    Yes, no, maybe

2) Brief me on:
Word Order
Basic Sentence Patterns
Grammatical Elements
Negation
Possession (how possession is indicated)
Questions
Subject Pronouns