日本語 Japanese Ask Questions Thread 7

If you have a question about the language, ask it and fellow 4channers might see it and answer it for you.
日本の方からのご協力も大歓迎です。


■USEFUL TOOLS

Rikaichan
http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/
A pop-up dictionary for Firefox that shows readings and definitions when you hover over words.

Rikaikun
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/jipdnfibhldikgcjhfnomkfpcebammhp
Same as above, but for Chrome.

Anki
http://ankisrs.net/
Flash card program mainly useful for vocab and kanji repetition. Can sync decks between computers and your phone.


■WEB-BASED DICTIONARIES

ALC
http://www.alc.co.jp/
Offers a web interface to the Eijirou dictionary, made for use in translation work.

kotobank
http://kotobank.jp/
Pretty good for J-J lookups. J-E/E-J definitions from Progressive.

Tangorin
http://tangorin.com/
The best interface to Jimu Buuriinu-sama's EDICT, which is a mess, so don't use this unless you have to.

weblio 類語辞典
http://thesaurus.weblio.jp/
It's an extensive thesaurus.

(If you want the best J-E/E-J dictionary, get an EPWING copy of Kenkyusha.)


■MEDIA

D-Addicts
http://d-addicts.com/forum/torrents.php
It's a horrible community, but it's THE go-to for drama series. Many variety shows turn up there as well.

JPopsuki
http://jpopsuki.eu/
It's a private music tracker with an extensive selection of just about everything.

KeyHoleTV
http://www.v2p.jp/video/english/
An application that lets you stream live TV in shit quality.

Tokyo Toshokan
https://www.tokyotosho.info/
anime anime anime anime anime


■PREVIOUS THREADS

See >>2 for links.

Sorry, this is too long, and I'll try to explain use my Engrish.

>>632
For example,
(situation1)
Now Taro(太郎) and Jiro(次郎) is here. Taro want help. Taro find Jiro, Taro say to Jiro, "Help me" then.
1) plain 手伝う:
   次郎は太郎を手伝った。 Jiro helped Taro.
2) passive 手伝われる:
  太郎は次郎に手伝われた。 Taro was helped by Jiro.
3) causative 手伝わせる:
   太郎は次郎に(太郎を）手伝わせた。 Taro had Jiro help Taro/Taro got Jiro to help Taro./Taro made Jiro help Taro.

(situation2)
Now Taro(太郎), Jiro(次郎), Saburo(三郎) is here. Saburo is their Boss. Taro want help. Jiro and Saburo find Taro, Taro say to them, "Help me" then.
4) causative(手伝われさせる)手伝わせる:
  三郎は次郎に太郎を手伝わせた。 Saburo got Jiro help Taro./ .Saburo made Jiro help Taro.
5) passive(手伝わせられる)手伝わされる:
 次郎は三郎に太郎を手伝わされた。 Jiro was made to help Taro by Saburo./Jiro was got to help Taro by Saburo.
6) 手伝われさせられる:  maybe none.

手伝う change to these,
手伝う = Plain Verbs. Use to case of 1)
手伝う + させる(Causative) = 手伝わせる is Causative Verbs(使役動詞)  Use to case of 3) and 4).
手伝う + られる(Passive) = 手伝われる is Passive Verbs(受身動詞). Use to case of 2)
手伝わせる(Causative Verbs) + られる(Passive) = 手伝わされる is Passive Verbs(受身動詞). Use to case of 5)
手伝わせる(Causative Verbs) + させる(Causative) = not exist. Verbs change Causative to Causative is meaningless.
手伝われる(Passive Verbs) + られる(Passive) = not exist. Verbs change Causative to Causative is meaningless.Maybe case of 6) is this.
手伝われる(Passive Verbs) +  させる(Causative) = not exist. Can not change Passive to Causative.

Verbs conjunctive?(活用変化) is,
Verbs Type: negative?(未然形)/conjunctive form?(連用形)/plain?(終止形)/attributive form?(連体形)/supposition?(仮定形)/order?(命令形)
Plain Verbs (基本動詞):  手伝-わない/手伝-います/手伝-う/手伝-うとき/手伝-えば/手伝-え
Causative Verbs(使役動詞): 手伝わ-せない/手伝わ-せます/手伝わ-せる/手伝わ-せるとき/手伝わ-せれば/手伝わ-せろ
Passive Verbs(受身動詞): 手伝わさ-れない/手伝わさ-れます/手伝わさ-れる/手伝わさ-れるとき/手伝わさ-れれば/手伝わさ-れろ

>>631
持つ + させる(Causative) = 持たせる is Causative Verbs(使役動詞)
持たせる(Causative Verbs) + くれる(Causative) = 持たせてくれる is Passive Verbs(受身動詞).

Verbs conjunctive?(活用変化) is,
Verbs Type: negative?(未然形)/conjunctive form?(連用形)/plain?(終止形)/attributive form?(連体形)/supposition?(仮定形)/order?(命令形)
Plain Verbs (基本動詞): 持た-せない/持た-せます/持た-せる/持た-せるとき/持た-せれば/持た-せろ
Passive Verbs(受身動詞): 持たせて-くれない/持たせて-くれます/持たせて-くれる/持たて-くれるとき/持たせて-くれれば/持たせて-こい

about >>631s example, for example that,
case 7) please image, You and Ishida is here. In this morning, Ishida gave you a newspaper, and you receive it, and  you think "Thanks to Ishida".
 Then after, You talk to other people about Ishida, So you say,
 石田が新聞を持たせてくれました。( Ishida gave me a newspaper.)
 
case 8) please image, You, Ishida and Tanaka is here. You love Ishida. In this mornig,  Tanaka  gave Ishida a news paper, and Ishida receive it.
 You look them and you think "It is glad like me.". Then after, You talk to other people about Ishida. So you say,
 田中が石田に新聞を持たせてくれました。( Tanaka gave Ishida a newspaper)

Verbs + くれる has include slight feeling, "Thank you for me. you do something". But only くれる means "give".


sorry, I don't know grammatical word in English, anyone tell me.
thanks.