What can I do with programming

I'm confused about what you can expect to do with programming languages after you learn them. Can someone run through some of the more popular programming languages and what they do?

I'd like to try to teach myself programming, and it'd be easier if I had an idea of what kinds of programming projects I can do in any given language so that I can design one and learn the language in hopes of implementing it.

For instance, in what language can I make simple games?  Where do more advanced graphics come in?

>>15
C++ is a super-set of C

That is incorrect you hoser. For example, I can recursively call main() in C, but not in C++.

An object is like a dictionary with variables

This analogy is wrong on so many levels.