>>57
Nope, the type is determined at compile time. The type of a is a ``reference'' to ``int'', and it's bound to a null address. In fact, that must be where I'm getting the terminology for using "bound", as the C++ language specification actually uses that nomenclature. I was wrong when I thought C did the same, sorry. Attempting to access ``a'' will result in undefined behavior during execution, just as dereferencing a null pointer would in C.