Everything Is References

Is there a language in which variables, function arguments, etc, are always references by default?

For example:

int x = 5;
int y = x;
y++;  // x and y are both 6

If you really did want a copy of something, you'd have to use a keyword:

int x = 5;
int y = copy(x);

And pass-by-value would also have to be done explicitly:

void func(int z)
{
   int w = copy(z); // now w is effectively "local"
}

It would force programmers to at least be aware of the fact that they're making a copy.

>>57
Fortran, wasn't it?

>>54
Then you're just going to have the bad programmers accidentally modifying data that should have been copied. If you were going to do this and expect it to make things clearer, you'd have to make every argument take an explicit copy/refer marker. And you'd have to require them in both the function definition and at the call site.