Functional Programming

Hi /prog/, I needs help.

Could people give me some code in a functional language, specifically, I'd like some Haskell and OCaml. Lisp is also welcome. Other functional languages are also welcome (and appreciated), though I'm most interested in the mentioned ones.

The code snippet I'm looking for is to convert a string to uppercase, but I want the code to do this manually (so no calling some magical toupper function or whatever).
That means, this Haskell code is not valid, since it uses toUpper (though, if you define toUpper, I suppose I'll count it as valid).

import Data.Char
s = "alphaBETA"
upper = map toUpper s
Preferably I'd like code which does not use map or other such constructs (though if thats too dificult, then ignore this requirement). Also, if possible, I'd like code that converts the string both in place and by constructing a new string.


Basically, I want to see different approaches to doing this in different languages. All serious replies are appreciated. Trolls appreciated only if they make me laugh.

>>16, OP here.
Well, using map is fine, but I wanted to see alternatives (different ways to loop through each character in a string, check is it lowercase and if yes, add 32 to that character, then finally returning the new string).
As for why, I just used it as a random piece of sample code, anything that contained some sort of loop, some sort of codnition and some sort of modification or construction of data would be fine. What I am trying to do is figure out what fundamental constructs can be used to do most kinds of operations, things like map, fold, filter and so on.